What to Do When a Loose Dog Approaches You and Your Dog on a Walk

There’s nothing quite like a peaceful walk with your dog—until a strange, off-leash dog comes barreling toward you. Whether the dog is friendly, reactive, or unpredictable, an unwanted approach can be stressful or even dangerous. In this post, we’ll break down practical tips and tools you can use to keep both you and your dog safe, calm, and in control.

1. Stay Calm and Take Control of the Situation

Your first line of defense is your own body language. Try not to panic, yell, or move suddenly. Dogs are incredibly sensitive to energy, and staying calm can sometimes prevent escalation.

Body language is crucial here—avoid making direct eye contact, squaring off your body, or using appeasing gestures. While it may seem natural to look at the approaching dog to “read” them, staring or facing them head-on can be interpreted as threatening or confrontational.

Instead, keep your eyes on the dog without locking into a stare. Try turning your shoulder slightly or angling your body—this mimics the way dogs will deflect or diffuse tension during social interactions. It's not a perfect translation, but we can use these types of subtle body cues to better communicate with animals and de-escalate a tense moment.

Think about how we humans avoid conflict in passing: we look away from people we accidentally make eye contact with, or shift our posture to disengage. In some ways, we’re not so different—we’ve just forgotten that these nonverbal cues are still instinctual and incredibly effective across species.

If your dog is reacting (barking, lunging, etc.), redirect their focus, or correct the behavior if fair to do so, and stay grounded. Your calm presence is key.

2. Use Tools to Create Space and Deter the Dog

Sometimes the best defense is a good tool. Here are some of the top items dog professionals recommend carrying on your walks—and how to use them safely and effectively.

Pet Corrector (Compressed Air Can):This small can emits a sharp hissing noise that can startle a dog and interrupt their approach. It’s an effective, non-contact deterrent. However, it’s important to train your own dog around the sound before using it in real-world situations. Many dogs are sensitive to sudden noises, and you don’t want to startle or panic your dog while trying to protect them. Practice using it at a distance during training sessions so your dog becomes desensitized to it. Always be sure you have a firm grip on their leash in case they spook.

Pop-Open Umbrella:A compact, automatic umbrella can be quickly deployed between you and an approaching dog. The sudden motion and visual barrier often stop a dog in its tracks and create a shield for both you and your dog. As with any tool, you’ll want to introduce the umbrella to your dog during training so they’re comfortable with it popping open near them.

Walking Stick or Hiking Pole:This is another simple, effective tool. A walking stick can serve as a physical barrier or redirect an approaching dog without requiring direct contact. It also comes in handy on hikes or in rural areas. Again, make sure your dog is familiar with it and doesn’t associate it with anything stressful or threatening.

Spare Slip Leash:We also recommend carrying a lightweight spare slip leash. If you encounter a loose dog that is friendly or needs assistance, having a quick way to safely leash and gain some control over the situation can make all the difference. It’s an easy, practical addition to your walking gear.

A Note on Pepper Spray:We generally do not recommend using pepper spray as a first-line defense. While it may seem like a strong deterrent, it creates a hazardous situation for everyone involved—including your dog and yourself, especially if the wind shifts or you’re in close quarters. That said, in extreme cases where you or your dog are in serious danger, a brief period of discomfort from spray is often less risky than a full-blown attack. The level of protection you carry should always be based on the perceived threat in your area and your comfort level—but in most everyday situations, we recommend starting with safer, lower-impact tools.

3. Don’t Run—Stand Your Ground

It may feel natural to want to flee, but running from a dog can trigger their prey drive and make the situation worse. Instead, plant your feet, use a firm voice, and prepare to use your deterrents if needed.

4. Use Your Voice Effectively

Sometimes, a loud, confident verbal cue can stop a dog in its tracks. Try firm, commanding words like:

• “No!”

• “Stop!”

• “Go home!”

• “Get!”

  
  

Avoid sounding panicked—channel your inner drill sergeant. If the dog has an owner nearby, yell clearly: “Call your dog!” or “Please leash your dog!”

5. Handle the Leash with Care

Keep your leash short enough to keep your dog close, but avoid tightening it so much that it adds tension. Some dogs feel more reactive when restrained. Position yourself between your dog and the oncoming dog if possible. Think of yourself as a shield.

6. If a Fight Breaks Out

Even with precautions, sometimes a physical altercation happens. Here are some key do’s and don’ts:

Do:

• Use your walking stick, umbrella, or even a bag to break visual contact and create separation.

• If safe, loop your leash around the hindquarters of the attacking dog and pull back.

• Try using the Pet Corrector or loud noise to startle them apart.

Don’t:

• Reach in with your hands—this is the most common way people get bitten.

• Scream or panic. Stay as calm and calculated as possible.

7. Train Your Dog for Distraction and Safety

Preparation goes a long way. Make sure your dog is trained to respond to commands like:

• “Watch me” (eye contact on cue)

• “Leave it”

• “Heel”

• “Let’s go” or an emergency U-turn

Practicing these commands in low-distraction environments first will help them be more reliable when things go sideways.

8. Prevention Tips for Safer Walks

• Walk during less busy times (early morning, midday, late evening).

• Avoid known problem areas or off-leash hot spots.

• Walk with a partner or join a local walking group for safety in numbers.

9. Build Your Dog Walk Safety Kit

Here’s a checklist of handy items to carry:

• Pet Corrector (compressed air)

• Compact umbrella

• Walking stick or hiking pole

• High-value treats (can toss as a distraction)

• Slip leash (if you need to catch a loose dog safely)

• Cell phone with emergency contacts

• Small first aid kit (for both dog and human)

As you head out for your next walk, remember...

You can’t control the world, but you can be prepared. With the right tools, training, and confidence, you and your dog can stay safe and calm—even when the unexpected happens.